Publications

2026

1. arXiv

   

   MUFASA: An Information Utility-Aware Preprocessing Framework for Reliable Model Reasoning in Computational Pathology

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Barathi Subramanian, Songmi Noh, and 7 more authors

   2026

   Bib HTML PDF

   @article{jeyaraj2026mufasa,
     title = {MUFASA: An Information Utility-Aware Preprocessing Framework for Reliable Model Reasoning in Computational Pathology},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Subramanian, Barathi and Noh, Songmi and Peterson, Mitchell N. and Guo, Terry and Fisher, George A. and Shah, Nigam H. and Langlotz, Curtis P. and Montine, Thomas J. and Shen, Jeanne},
     journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2609.00424},
     year = {2026},
     archiveprefix = {arXiv},
     type = {journal}
   }

2. SSRN

   

   An Advanced Deep Learning Approach Combining Long- and Short-term Memory (LSTM) and Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) to Predict Groundwater Hexavalent Chromium Concentrations

   Aradhana Sharma, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Aobo Jin, and 4 more authors

   2026

   Bib HTML

   @article{sharma2026lstmgcn,
     title = {An Advanced Deep Learning Approach Combining Long- and Short-term Memory (LSTM) and Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) to Predict Groundwater Hexavalent Chromium Concentrations},
     author = {Sharma, Aradhana and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Jin, Aobo and Emerson, Hilary and Kaplan, Daniel I. and Thompson, Christopher and Gohel, Hardik A.},
     journal = {SSRN preprint},
     year = {2026},
     type = {journal}
   }

3. arXiv

   

   APALU: A Trainable, Adaptive Activation Function for Deep Learning Networks

   Barathi Subramanian, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, and Rakhmonov Akhrorjon Akhmadjon Ugli

   2026

   Bib HTML PDF

   @article{subramanian2026apalu,
     title = {APALU: A Trainable, Adaptive Activation Function for Deep Learning Networks},
     author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and {Akhmadjon Ugli}, Rakhmonov Akhrorjon},
     journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.08244},
     year = {2026},
     archiveprefix = {arXiv},
     type = {journal}
   }

4. MICCAI

   

   TRIAGE-MIL: Multi-Axis Instance Selection and Semantic Hypergraph Modeling for Survival Prediction from Whole-Slide Images

   Barathi Subramanian, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Songmi Noh, and 2 more authors

   2026

   Top 9 percent DOI Bib HTML

   Accepted as a top 9 percent paper at MICCAI 2026.

   @inproceedings{subramanian2026triagemil,
     title = {TRIAGE-MIL: Multi-Axis Instance Selection and Semantic Hypergraph Modeling for Survival Prediction from Whole-Slide Images},
     author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Noh, Songmi and Fisher, George and Shen, Jeanne},
     booktitle = {Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI)},
     year = {2026},
     publisher = {Springer},
     doi = {10.1007/978-3-032-38172-9_62},
     type = {conference}
   }

5. CVPR

   

   Gesture2Music: A Low-Latency Real-Time Framework for Continuous Gesture-Driven Music Generation

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Barathi Subramanian, Kapilya Gangadharan, and 1 more author

   2026

   Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{jeyaraj2026gesture2music,
     title = {Gesture2Music: A Low-Latency Real-Time Framework for Continuous Gesture-Driven Music Generation},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Subramanian, Barathi and Gangadharan, Kapilya and Paul, Anand},
     booktitle = {First International Workshop on Interactive Physical AI (IPA), IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW)},
     year = {2026},
     type = {conference}
   }

6. CVPR

   

   Contrast-Enhanced Gating in GRUs for Robust Low-Data Sequence Learning

   Barathi Subramanian, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, and Anand Paul

   2026

   Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{subramanian2026contrast,
     title = {Contrast-Enhanced Gating in GRUs for Robust Low-Data Sequence Learning},
     author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Paul, Anand},
     booktitle = {Women in Computer Vision Workshop (WiCV), Proceedings Track, IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW)},
     year = {2026},
     type = {conference}
   }

2025

1. EAAI

   

   Defect Detection in Fused Deposition Modelling using Lightweight Convolutional Neural Networks

   Basil Kuriachen^*, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj^*, Deepak Raphael, and 3 more authors

   2025

   Bib HTML

   @article{kuriachen2025defect,
     title = {Defect Detection in Fused Deposition Modelling using Lightweight Convolutional Neural Networks},
     author = {Kuriachen, Basil and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Raphael, Deepak and Ashok, P. and {Shanmuga Sundari}, P. and Paul, Anand},
     journal = {Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence},
     volume = {141},
     year = {2025},
     publisher = {Elsevier},
     type = {journal}
   }

2. IEEE Access

   

   From Data to Decisions: The Power of Machine Learning in Business Recommendations

   K. Gangadharan, A. Purandaran, K. Malathi, and 3 more authors

   2025

   Bib HTML

   @article{gangadharan2025data,
     title = {From Data to Decisions: The Power of Machine Learning in Business Recommendations},
     author = {Gangadharan, K. and Purandaran, A. and Malathi, K. and Subramanian, B. and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Jung, S. K.},
     journal = {IEEE Access},
     volume = {13},
     pages = {17354--17397},
     year = {2025},
     publisher = {IEEE},
     type = {journal}
   }

3. NeurIPS

   

   STARC-9: A Large-scale Dataset for Multi-Class Tissue Classification for CRC Histopathology

   Barathi Subramanian^*, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj^*, Mitchell Nevin Peterson, and 5 more authors

   2025

   Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{subramanian2025starc9,
     title = {STARC-9: A Large-scale Dataset for Multi-Class Tissue Classification for CRC Histopathology},
     author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Peterson, Mitchell Nevin and Guo, Terry and Shah, Nigam and Langlotz, Curtis and Ng, Andrew Y. and Shen, Jeanne},
     booktitle = {The Thirty-ninth Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), Datasets and Benchmarks Track},
     year = {2025},
     type = {conference}
   }

4. Stanford

   

   A Novel AI-Powered Preprocessing Framework for Maximizing Whole-Slide Image Dataset Quality for Machine Learning Applications

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Barathi Subramanian, Songmi Noh, and 4 more authors

   2025

   Bib PDF

   @inproceedings{jeyaraj2025retreat,
     title = {A Novel AI-Powered Preprocessing Framework for Maximizing Whole-Slide Image Dataset Quality for Machine Learning Applications},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Subramanian, Barathi and Noh, Songmi and Peterson, Mitch and Guo, Terry and Fisher, George and Shen, Jeanne},
     booktitle = {Pathology Research Retreat, Stanford University, California, USA},
     year = {2025},
     type = {conference}
   }

5. Stanford

   

   Generating Morphologically Diverse, Class-Balanced Training Datasets for Enhanced Histopathologic Tissue-Type Classification

   Barathi Subramanian, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Songmi Noh, and 4 more authors

   2025

   Bib PDF

   @inproceedings{subramanian2025retreat,
     title = {Generating Morphologically Diverse, Class-Balanced Training Datasets for Enhanced Histopathologic Tissue-Type Classification},
     author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Noh, Songmi and Peterson, Mitch and Guo, Terry and Fisher, George and Shen, Jeanne},
     booktitle = {Pathology Research Retreat, Stanford University, California, USA},
     year = {2025},
     type = {conference}
   }

6. IGI Global

   

   Artificial Intelligence for Cloud-Native Software Engineering

   Pethuru Raj Chelliah, Ramamurthy Venkatesh, N. A. Natraj, and 1 more author

   2025

   Bib HTML

   @book{chelliah2025aicloud,
     title = {Artificial Intelligence for Cloud-Native Software Engineering},
     author = {Chelliah, Pethuru Raj and Venkatesh, Ramamurthy and Natraj, N. A. and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja},
     publisher = {IGI Global Scientific Publishing},
     year = {2025},
     type = {book}
   }

2024

1. ESWA

   

   DeepWalk with Reinforcement Learning (DWRL) for Node Embedding

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Thirunavukarasu Balasubramaniam, Anandkumar Balasubramaniam, and 1 more author

   2024

   Bib HTML

   @article{jeyaraj2024deepwalk,
     title = {DeepWalk with Reinforcement Learning (DWRL) for Node Embedding},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Balasubramaniam, Thirunavukarasu and Balasubramaniam, Anandkumar and Paul, Anand},
     journal = {Expert Systems with Applications},
     volume = {243},
     pages = {122819},
     year = {2024},
     publisher = {Elsevier},
     type = {journal}
   }

2. ICAIC

   

   YSAF: Yolo with Spatial Attention and FFT to Detect Face Spoofing Attacks

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Barathi Subramanian, Karnam Yogesh, and 2 more authors

   Feb 2024

   Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{jeyaraj2024ysaf,
     title = {YSAF: Yolo with Spatial Attention and FFT to Detect Face Spoofing Attacks},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Subramanian, Barathi and Yogesh, Karnam and Jin, Aobo and Gohel, Hardik A.},
     booktitle = {IEEE 3rd International Conference on AI in Cybersecurity (ICAIC), Houston, Texas, USA},
     pages = {1--6},
     year = {2024},
     month = feb,
     publisher = {IEEE},
     type = {conference}
   }

3. WM Symposia

   

   Application of a GRU-Based Deep Learning Model to Environmental Monitoring at Complex Sites

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Aobo Jin, Hilary Emerson, and 2 more authors

   Mar 2024

   Bib PDF

   @inproceedings{jeyaraj2024gru,
     title = {Application of a GRU-Based Deep Learning Model to Environmental Monitoring at Complex Sites},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Jin, Aobo and Emerson, Hilary and Kaplan, Daniel I. and Gohel, Hardik A.},
     booktitle = {50th WM Symposia, Phoenix, Arizona, USA},
     year = {2024},
     month = mar,
     type = {conference}
   }

4. WM Symposia

   

   BTS-GANs: Impute Missing Values to Improve Predictive Modelling Power in Climate Change

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Aobo Jin, Hilary Emerson, and 1 more author

   Mar 2024

   Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{jeyaraj2024btsgans,
     title = {BTS-GANs: Impute Missing Values to Improve Predictive Modelling Power in Climate Change},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Jin, Aobo and Emerson, Hilary and Gohel, Hardik A.},
     booktitle = {50th WM Symposia, Phoenix, Arizona, USA},
     year = {2024},
     month = mar,
     type = {conference}
   }

5. WM Symposia

   

   Analyzing Seq2Seq and Transformer Models for Time Series Forecasting in Climate Change Modeling at Hanford Site

   Karnam Yogesh, Aobo Jin, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, and 2 more authors

   2024

   Bib PDF

   @inproceedings{yogesh2024seq2seq,
     title = {Analyzing Seq2Seq and Transformer Models for Time Series Forecasting in Climate Change Modeling at Hanford Site},
     author = {Yogesh, Karnam and Jin, Aobo and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Emerson, Hilary and Gohel, Hardik A.},
     booktitle = {50th WM Symposia, Phoenix, Arizona, USA},
     year = {2024},
     type = {conference}
   }

2023

1. Electronics

   

   A Novel Data Management Scheme in Cloud for Micromachines

   Gurwinder Singh, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Anil Sharma, and 1 more author

   2023

   Bib HTML

   @article{singh2023data,
     title = {A Novel Data Management Scheme in Cloud for Micromachines},
     author = {Singh, Gurwinder and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Sharma, Anil and Paul, Anand},
     journal = {Electronics},
     volume = {12},
     number = {18},
     pages = {1--20},
     year = {2023},
     publisher = {MDPI},
     type = {journal}
   }

2. ACM CSUR

   

   Resource Management in Cloud and Cloud-Influenced Technologies for IoT Applications

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Anandkumar Balasubramaniam, Ajay Kumara M.A., and 2 more authors

   2023

   DOI Bib HTML

   @article{jeyaraj2023resource,
     title = {Resource Management in Cloud and Cloud-Influenced Technologies for IoT Applications},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Balasubramaniam, Anandkumar and {M.A.}, Ajay Kumara and Guizani, Nadra and Paul, Anand},
     journal = {ACM Computing Surveys},
     volume = {55},
     number = {12},
     pages = {1--37},
     year = {2023},
     publisher = {ACM},
     doi = {10.1145/3571729},
     type = {journal}
   }

3. ICDSNE

   

   Meat Freshness State Prediction Using a Novel Fifteen Layered Deep Convolutional Neural Network

   M. Shyamala Devi, J. Arun Pandian, D. Umanandhini, and 2 more authors

   Jul 2023

   Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{shyamaladevi2023meat,
     title = {Meat Freshness State Prediction Using a Novel Fifteen Layered Deep Convolutional Neural Network},
     author = {{Shyamala Devi}, M. and {Arun Pandian}, J. and Umanandhini, D. and Sakineti, Aayush Kumar and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja},
     booktitle = {1st International Conference on Data Science and Network Engineering (ICDSNE), India},
     pages = {111--123},
     year = {2023},
     month = jul,
     publisher = {Springer},
     type = {conference}
   }

2022

1. Nano Energy

   

   Smart Data Processing for Energy Harvesting Systems using Artificial Intelligence

   S. Divya, Swati Panda, Sugato Hajra, and 5 more authors

   2022

   Bib HTML

   @article{divya2022smart,
     title = {Smart Data Processing for Energy Harvesting Systems using Artificial Intelligence},
     author = {Divya, S. and Panda, Swati and Hajra, Sugato and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Paul, Anand and Park, Sang Hyun and Kim, Hoe Joon and Oh, Tae Hwan},
     journal = {Nano Energy},
     volume = {106},
     year = {2022},
     publisher = {Elsevier},
     type = {journal}
   }

2. IEEE Access

   

   Optimizing MapReduce Task Scheduling on Virtualized Heterogeneous Environments using Ant Colony Optimization

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj and Anand Paul

   2022

   Bib HTML Code

   @article{jeyaraj2022optimizing,
     title = {Optimizing MapReduce Task Scheduling on Virtualized Heterogeneous Environments using Ant Colony Optimization},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Paul, Anand},
     journal = {IEEE Access},
     volume = {10},
     pages = {55842--55855},
     year = {2022},
     publisher = {IEEE},
     type = {journal}
   }

3. CRC Press

   

   Big Data Infrastructure and Analytics for Education 4.0

   Chandra Eswaran and Rathinaraja Jeyaraj

   2022

   DOI Bib HTML

   @incollection{eswaran2022bigdata,
     title = {Big Data Infrastructure and Analytics for Education 4.0},
     author = {Eswaran, Chandra and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja},
     booktitle = {Big Data Applications in Industry 4.0},
     publisher = {CRC Press/Taylor \& Francis},
     year = {2022},
     doi = {10.1201/9781003175889-6},
     type = {book}
   }

2021

1. IEEE Access

   

   Handling Non-Local Executions to Improve MapReduce Performance using Ant Colony Optimization

   Gurwinder Singh, Anil Sharma, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, and 1 more author

   2021

   Bib HTML Code

   @article{singh2021handling,
     title = {Handling Non-Local Executions to Improve MapReduce Performance using Ant Colony Optimization},
     author = {Singh, Gurwinder and Sharma, Anil and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Paul, Anand},
     journal = {IEEE Access},
     volume = {9},
     pages = {96176--96188},
     year = {2021},
     publisher = {IEEE},
     type = {journal}
   }

2. AusDM

   

   Nonnegative Matrix Factorization to Understand Spatio-Temporal Traffic Pattern Variations during COVID-19: A Case Study

   Anandkumar Balasubramaniam, Thirunavukarasu Balasubramaniam, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, and 2 more authors

   2021

   Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{balasubramaniam2021nmf,
     title = {Nonnegative Matrix Factorization to Understand Spatio-Temporal Traffic Pattern Variations during COVID-19: A Case Study},
     author = {Balasubramaniam, Anandkumar and Balasubramaniam, Thirunavukarasu and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Paul, Anand and Nayak, Richi},
     booktitle = {19th Australasian Data Science and Machine Learning Conference (AusDM), Melbourne, Australia},
     year = {2021},
     publisher = {Springer},
     type = {conference}
   }

2020

1. JAIHC

   

   Fine-grained data-locality aware MapReduce job scheduler in a virtualized environment

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Ananthanarayana V. S., and Anand Paul

   2020

   Bib HTML Code

   @article{jeyaraj2020finegrained,
     title = {Fine-grained data-locality aware MapReduce job scheduler in a virtualized environment},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and {V. S.}, Ananthanarayana and Paul, Anand},
     journal = {Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing},
     volume = {32},
     number = {7},
     pages = {4261--4272},
     year = {2020},
     publisher = {Springer},
     type = {journal}
   }

2. CRC Press

   

   Big Data with Hadoop MapReduce: A Classroom Approach

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Ganeshkumar Pugalendhi, and Anand Paul

   2020

   Bib HTML

   @book{jeyaraj2020hadoop,
     title = {Big Data with Hadoop MapReduce: A Classroom Approach},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Pugalendhi, Ganeshkumar and Paul, Anand},
     publisher = {Apple Academic Press, CRC Press/Taylor \& Francis},
     year = {2020},
     type = {book}
   }

2019

1. CCPE

   

   Improving performance of MapReduce Scheduler for Heterogeneous Workloads in a Heterogeneous Environment

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Ananthanarayana V. S., and Anand Paul

   2019

   Bib HTML Code

   @article{jeyaraj2019improving,
     title = {Improving performance of MapReduce Scheduler for Heterogeneous Workloads in a Heterogeneous Environment},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and {V. S.}, Ananthanarayana and Paul, Anand},
     journal = {Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience},
     volume = {11},
     number = {10},
     year = {2019},
     publisher = {Wiley},
     type = {journal}
   }

2. J. Supercomput.

   

   Dynamic Ranking based MapReduce Job Scheduler to Exploit Heterogeneous Performance on Virtualized Environment

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Ananthanarayana V. S., and Anand Paul

   2019

   Bib HTML Code

   @article{jeyaraj2019dynamic,
     title = {Dynamic Ranking based MapReduce Job Scheduler to Exploit Heterogeneous Performance on Virtualized Environment},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and {V. S.}, Ananthanarayana and Paul, Anand},
     journal = {The Journal of Supercomputing},
     volume = {75},
     number = {11},
     pages = {7520--7549},
     year = {2019},
     publisher = {Springer},
     type = {journal}
   }

3. HBET

   

   Internet of Things: A Primer

   Anand Paul and Rathinaraja Jeyaraj

   2019

   Bib HTML

   @article{paul2019internet,
     title = {Internet of Things: A Primer},
     author = {Paul, Anand and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja},
     journal = {Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies},
     volume = {1},
     number = {1},
     pages = {37--47},
     year = {2019},
     publisher = {Wiley},
     type = {journal}
   }

4. ICIS

   

   MapReduce Scheduler to Minimize the Size of Intermediate Data in Shuffle Phase

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Ananthanarayana V. S., and Anand Paul

   Jun 2019

   Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{jeyaraj2019shuffle,
     title = {MapReduce Scheduler to Minimize the Size of Intermediate Data in Shuffle Phase},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and {V. S.}, Ananthanarayana and Paul, Anand},
     booktitle = {18th IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science (ICIS), Beijing, China},
     year = {2019},
     month = jun,
     publisher = {IEEE},
     type = {conference}
   }

2018

1. SERA

   

   Dynamic Performance Aware Reduce Task Scheduling in MapReduce on Virtualized Environment

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj and Ananthanarayana V. S.

   2018

   Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{jeyaraj2018reduce,
     title = {Dynamic Performance Aware Reduce Task Scheduling in MapReduce on Virtualized Environment},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and {V. S.}, Ananthanarayana},
     booktitle = {16th IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management and Applications (SERA), Kunming, China},
     pages = {211--218},
     year = {2018},
     publisher = {IEEE},
     type = {conference}
   }

2. ACM SAC

   

   Multi-Level Per Node Combiner (MLPNC) to Minimize MapReduce Job Latency on Virtualized Environment

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj and Ananthanarayana V. S.

   2018

   DOI Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{jeyaraj2018mlpnc,
     title = {Multi-Level Per Node Combiner (MLPNC) to Minimize MapReduce Job Latency on Virtualized Environment},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and {V. S.}, Ananthanarayana},
     booktitle = {33rd ACM Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC), Pau, France},
     pages = {167--174},
     year = {2018},
     publisher = {ACM},
     doi = {10.1145/3167132.3167149},
     type = {conference}
   }

2011

1. SEISCON

   

   A Combined MI-AVR Approach for Informative Gene Selection

   Ganeshkumar Pugalendhi, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, and T. Aruldoss Albert Victoire

   2011

   DOI Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{pugalendhi2011miavr,
     title = {A Combined MI-AVR Approach for Informative Gene Selection},
     author = {Pugalendhi, Ganeshkumar and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and {Albert Victoire}, T. Aruldoss},
     booktitle = {IEEE International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Intelligent Systems (SEISCON), Tamil Nadu, India},
     pages = {870--875},
     year = {2011},
     publisher = {IET},
     doi = {10.1049/cp.2011.0489},
     type = {conference}
   }

2. SUNIIST

   

   Workflow Scheduling using Heuristics-based Ant Colony Optimization

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj and Ganeshkumar Pugalendhi

   2011

   Bib PDF

   @inproceedings{jeyaraj2011workflow,
     title = {Workflow Scheduling using Heuristics-based Ant Colony Optimization},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Pugalendhi, Ganeshkumar},
     booktitle = {SUNIIST, Tamil Nadu, India},
     pages = {cse106},
     year = {2011},
     type = {conference}
   }

2026

1. arXiv

   

   MUFASA: An Information Utility-Aware Preprocessing Framework for Reliable Model Reasoning in Computational Pathology

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Barathi Subramanian, Songmi Noh, and 7 more authors

   2026

   Bib HTML PDF

   @article{jeyaraj2026mufasa,
     title = {MUFASA: An Information Utility-Aware Preprocessing Framework for Reliable Model Reasoning in Computational Pathology},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Subramanian, Barathi and Noh, Songmi and Peterson, Mitchell N. and Guo, Terry and Fisher, George A. and Shah, Nigam H. and Langlotz, Curtis P. and Montine, Thomas J. and Shen, Jeanne},
     journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2609.00424},
     year = {2026},
     archiveprefix = {arXiv},
     type = {journal}
   }

2. SSRN

   

   An Advanced Deep Learning Approach Combining Long- and Short-term Memory (LSTM) and Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) to Predict Groundwater Hexavalent Chromium Concentrations

   Aradhana Sharma, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Aobo Jin, and 4 more authors

   2026

   Bib HTML

   @article{sharma2026lstmgcn,
     title = {An Advanced Deep Learning Approach Combining Long- and Short-term Memory (LSTM) and Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) to Predict Groundwater Hexavalent Chromium Concentrations},
     author = {Sharma, Aradhana and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Jin, Aobo and Emerson, Hilary and Kaplan, Daniel I. and Thompson, Christopher and Gohel, Hardik A.},
     journal = {SSRN preprint},
     year = {2026},
     type = {journal}
   }

3. arXiv

   

   APALU: A Trainable, Adaptive Activation Function for Deep Learning Networks

   Barathi Subramanian, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, and Rakhmonov Akhrorjon Akhmadjon Ugli

   2026

   Bib HTML PDF

   @article{subramanian2026apalu,
     title = {APALU: A Trainable, Adaptive Activation Function for Deep Learning Networks},
     author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and {Akhmadjon Ugli}, Rakhmonov Akhrorjon},
     journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.08244},
     year = {2026},
     archiveprefix = {arXiv},
     type = {journal}
   }

2025

1. EAAI

   

   Defect Detection in Fused Deposition Modelling using Lightweight Convolutional Neural Networks

   Basil Kuriachen^*, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj^*, Deepak Raphael, and 3 more authors

   2025

   Bib HTML

   @article{kuriachen2025defect,
     title = {Defect Detection in Fused Deposition Modelling using Lightweight Convolutional Neural Networks},
     author = {Kuriachen, Basil and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Raphael, Deepak and Ashok, P. and {Shanmuga Sundari}, P. and Paul, Anand},
     journal = {Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence},
     volume = {141},
     year = {2025},
     publisher = {Elsevier},
     type = {journal}
   }

2. IEEE Access

   

   From Data to Decisions: The Power of Machine Learning in Business Recommendations

   K. Gangadharan, A. Purandaran, K. Malathi, and 3 more authors

   2025

   Bib HTML

   @article{gangadharan2025data,
     title = {From Data to Decisions: The Power of Machine Learning in Business Recommendations},
     author = {Gangadharan, K. and Purandaran, A. and Malathi, K. and Subramanian, B. and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Jung, S. K.},
     journal = {IEEE Access},
     volume = {13},
     pages = {17354--17397},
     year = {2025},
     publisher = {IEEE},
     type = {journal}
   }

2024

1. ESWA

   

   DeepWalk with Reinforcement Learning (DWRL) for Node Embedding

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Thirunavukarasu Balasubramaniam, Anandkumar Balasubramaniam, and 1 more author

   2024

   Bib HTML

   @article{jeyaraj2024deepwalk,
     title = {DeepWalk with Reinforcement Learning (DWRL) for Node Embedding},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Balasubramaniam, Thirunavukarasu and Balasubramaniam, Anandkumar and Paul, Anand},
     journal = {Expert Systems with Applications},
     volume = {243},
     pages = {122819},
     year = {2024},
     publisher = {Elsevier},
     type = {journal}
   }

2023

1. Electronics

   

   A Novel Data Management Scheme in Cloud for Micromachines

   Gurwinder Singh, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Anil Sharma, and 1 more author

   2023

   Bib HTML

   @article{singh2023data,
     title = {A Novel Data Management Scheme in Cloud for Micromachines},
     author = {Singh, Gurwinder and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Sharma, Anil and Paul, Anand},
     journal = {Electronics},
     volume = {12},
     number = {18},
     pages = {1--20},
     year = {2023},
     publisher = {MDPI},
     type = {journal}
   }

2. ACM CSUR

   

   Resource Management in Cloud and Cloud-Influenced Technologies for IoT Applications

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Anandkumar Balasubramaniam, Ajay Kumara M.A., and 2 more authors

   2023

   DOI Bib HTML

   @article{jeyaraj2023resource,
     title = {Resource Management in Cloud and Cloud-Influenced Technologies for IoT Applications},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Balasubramaniam, Anandkumar and {M.A.}, Ajay Kumara and Guizani, Nadra and Paul, Anand},
     journal = {ACM Computing Surveys},
     volume = {55},
     number = {12},
     pages = {1--37},
     year = {2023},
     publisher = {ACM},
     doi = {10.1145/3571729},
     type = {journal}
   }

2022

1. Nano Energy

   

   Smart Data Processing for Energy Harvesting Systems using Artificial Intelligence

   S. Divya, Swati Panda, Sugato Hajra, and 5 more authors

   2022

   Bib HTML

   @article{divya2022smart,
     title = {Smart Data Processing for Energy Harvesting Systems using Artificial Intelligence},
     author = {Divya, S. and Panda, Swati and Hajra, Sugato and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Paul, Anand and Park, Sang Hyun and Kim, Hoe Joon and Oh, Tae Hwan},
     journal = {Nano Energy},
     volume = {106},
     year = {2022},
     publisher = {Elsevier},
     type = {journal}
   }

2. IEEE Access

   

   Optimizing MapReduce Task Scheduling on Virtualized Heterogeneous Environments using Ant Colony Optimization

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj and Anand Paul

   2022

   Bib HTML Code

   @article{jeyaraj2022optimizing,
     title = {Optimizing MapReduce Task Scheduling on Virtualized Heterogeneous Environments using Ant Colony Optimization},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Paul, Anand},
     journal = {IEEE Access},
     volume = {10},
     pages = {55842--55855},
     year = {2022},
     publisher = {IEEE},
     type = {journal}
   }

2021

1. IEEE Access

   

   Handling Non-Local Executions to Improve MapReduce Performance using Ant Colony Optimization

   Gurwinder Singh, Anil Sharma, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, and 1 more author

   2021

   Bib HTML Code

   @article{singh2021handling,
     title = {Handling Non-Local Executions to Improve MapReduce Performance using Ant Colony Optimization},
     author = {Singh, Gurwinder and Sharma, Anil and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Paul, Anand},
     journal = {IEEE Access},
     volume = {9},
     pages = {96176--96188},
     year = {2021},
     publisher = {IEEE},
     type = {journal}
   }

2020

1. JAIHC

   

   Fine-grained data-locality aware MapReduce job scheduler in a virtualized environment

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Ananthanarayana V. S., and Anand Paul

   2020

   Bib HTML Code

   @article{jeyaraj2020finegrained,
     title = {Fine-grained data-locality aware MapReduce job scheduler in a virtualized environment},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and {V. S.}, Ananthanarayana and Paul, Anand},
     journal = {Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing},
     volume = {32},
     number = {7},
     pages = {4261--4272},
     year = {2020},
     publisher = {Springer},
     type = {journal}
   }

2019

1. CCPE

   

   Improving performance of MapReduce Scheduler for Heterogeneous Workloads in a Heterogeneous Environment

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Ananthanarayana V. S., and Anand Paul

   2019

   Bib HTML Code

   @article{jeyaraj2019improving,
     title = {Improving performance of MapReduce Scheduler for Heterogeneous Workloads in a Heterogeneous Environment},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and {V. S.}, Ananthanarayana and Paul, Anand},
     journal = {Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience},
     volume = {11},
     number = {10},
     year = {2019},
     publisher = {Wiley},
     type = {journal}
   }

2. J. Supercomput.

   

   Dynamic Ranking based MapReduce Job Scheduler to Exploit Heterogeneous Performance on Virtualized Environment

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Ananthanarayana V. S., and Anand Paul

   2019

   Bib HTML Code

   @article{jeyaraj2019dynamic,
     title = {Dynamic Ranking based MapReduce Job Scheduler to Exploit Heterogeneous Performance on Virtualized Environment},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and {V. S.}, Ananthanarayana and Paul, Anand},
     journal = {The Journal of Supercomputing},
     volume = {75},
     number = {11},
     pages = {7520--7549},
     year = {2019},
     publisher = {Springer},
     type = {journal}
   }

3. HBET

   

   Internet of Things: A Primer

   Anand Paul and Rathinaraja Jeyaraj

   2019

   Bib HTML

   @article{paul2019internet,
     title = {Internet of Things: A Primer},
     author = {Paul, Anand and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja},
     journal = {Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies},
     volume = {1},
     number = {1},
     pages = {37--47},
     year = {2019},
     publisher = {Wiley},
     type = {journal}
   }

2026

1. MICCAI

   

   TRIAGE-MIL: Multi-Axis Instance Selection and Semantic Hypergraph Modeling for Survival Prediction from Whole-Slide Images

   Barathi Subramanian, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Songmi Noh, and 2 more authors

   2026

   Top 9 percent DOI Bib HTML

   Accepted as a top 9 percent paper at MICCAI 2026.

   @inproceedings{subramanian2026triagemil,
     title = {TRIAGE-MIL: Multi-Axis Instance Selection and Semantic Hypergraph Modeling for Survival Prediction from Whole-Slide Images},
     author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Noh, Songmi and Fisher, George and Shen, Jeanne},
     booktitle = {Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI)},
     year = {2026},
     publisher = {Springer},
     doi = {10.1007/978-3-032-38172-9_62},
     type = {conference}
   }

2. CVPR

   

   Gesture2Music: A Low-Latency Real-Time Framework for Continuous Gesture-Driven Music Generation

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Barathi Subramanian, Kapilya Gangadharan, and 1 more author

   2026

   Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{jeyaraj2026gesture2music,
     title = {Gesture2Music: A Low-Latency Real-Time Framework for Continuous Gesture-Driven Music Generation},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Subramanian, Barathi and Gangadharan, Kapilya and Paul, Anand},
     booktitle = {First International Workshop on Interactive Physical AI (IPA), IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW)},
     year = {2026},
     type = {conference}
   }

3. CVPR

   

   Contrast-Enhanced Gating in GRUs for Robust Low-Data Sequence Learning

   Barathi Subramanian, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, and Anand Paul

   2026

   Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{subramanian2026contrast,
     title = {Contrast-Enhanced Gating in GRUs for Robust Low-Data Sequence Learning},
     author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Paul, Anand},
     booktitle = {Women in Computer Vision Workshop (WiCV), Proceedings Track, IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW)},
     year = {2026},
     type = {conference}
   }

2025

1. NeurIPS

   

   STARC-9: A Large-scale Dataset for Multi-Class Tissue Classification for CRC Histopathology

   Barathi Subramanian^*, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj^*, Mitchell Nevin Peterson, and 5 more authors

   2025

   Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{subramanian2025starc9,
     title = {STARC-9: A Large-scale Dataset for Multi-Class Tissue Classification for CRC Histopathology},
     author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Peterson, Mitchell Nevin and Guo, Terry and Shah, Nigam and Langlotz, Curtis and Ng, Andrew Y. and Shen, Jeanne},
     booktitle = {The Thirty-ninth Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), Datasets and Benchmarks Track},
     year = {2025},
     type = {conference}
   }

2. Stanford

   

   A Novel AI-Powered Preprocessing Framework for Maximizing Whole-Slide Image Dataset Quality for Machine Learning Applications

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Barathi Subramanian, Songmi Noh, and 4 more authors

   2025

   Bib PDF

   @inproceedings{jeyaraj2025retreat,
     title = {A Novel AI-Powered Preprocessing Framework for Maximizing Whole-Slide Image Dataset Quality for Machine Learning Applications},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Subramanian, Barathi and Noh, Songmi and Peterson, Mitch and Guo, Terry and Fisher, George and Shen, Jeanne},
     booktitle = {Pathology Research Retreat, Stanford University, California, USA},
     year = {2025},
     type = {conference}
   }

3. Stanford

   

   Generating Morphologically Diverse, Class-Balanced Training Datasets for Enhanced Histopathologic Tissue-Type Classification

   Barathi Subramanian, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Songmi Noh, and 4 more authors

   2025

   Bib PDF

   @inproceedings{subramanian2025retreat,
     title = {Generating Morphologically Diverse, Class-Balanced Training Datasets for Enhanced Histopathologic Tissue-Type Classification},
     author = {Subramanian, Barathi and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Noh, Songmi and Peterson, Mitch and Guo, Terry and Fisher, George and Shen, Jeanne},
     booktitle = {Pathology Research Retreat, Stanford University, California, USA},
     year = {2025},
     type = {conference}
   }

2024

1. ICAIC

   

   YSAF: Yolo with Spatial Attention and FFT to Detect Face Spoofing Attacks

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Barathi Subramanian, Karnam Yogesh, and 2 more authors

   Feb 2024

   Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{jeyaraj2024ysaf,
     title = {YSAF: Yolo with Spatial Attention and FFT to Detect Face Spoofing Attacks},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Subramanian, Barathi and Yogesh, Karnam and Jin, Aobo and Gohel, Hardik A.},
     booktitle = {IEEE 3rd International Conference on AI in Cybersecurity (ICAIC), Houston, Texas, USA},
     pages = {1--6},
     year = {2024},
     month = feb,
     publisher = {IEEE},
     type = {conference}
   }

2. WM Symposia

   

   Application of a GRU-Based Deep Learning Model to Environmental Monitoring at Complex Sites

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Aobo Jin, Hilary Emerson, and 2 more authors

   Mar 2024

   Bib PDF

   @inproceedings{jeyaraj2024gru,
     title = {Application of a GRU-Based Deep Learning Model to Environmental Monitoring at Complex Sites},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Jin, Aobo and Emerson, Hilary and Kaplan, Daniel I. and Gohel, Hardik A.},
     booktitle = {50th WM Symposia, Phoenix, Arizona, USA},
     year = {2024},
     month = mar,
     type = {conference}
   }

3. WM Symposia

   

   BTS-GANs: Impute Missing Values to Improve Predictive Modelling Power in Climate Change

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Aobo Jin, Hilary Emerson, and 1 more author

   Mar 2024

   Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{jeyaraj2024btsgans,
     title = {BTS-GANs: Impute Missing Values to Improve Predictive Modelling Power in Climate Change},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Jin, Aobo and Emerson, Hilary and Gohel, Hardik A.},
     booktitle = {50th WM Symposia, Phoenix, Arizona, USA},
     year = {2024},
     month = mar,
     type = {conference}
   }

4. WM Symposia

   

   Analyzing Seq2Seq and Transformer Models for Time Series Forecasting in Climate Change Modeling at Hanford Site

   Karnam Yogesh, Aobo Jin, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, and 2 more authors

   2024

   Bib PDF

   @inproceedings{yogesh2024seq2seq,
     title = {Analyzing Seq2Seq and Transformer Models for Time Series Forecasting in Climate Change Modeling at Hanford Site},
     author = {Yogesh, Karnam and Jin, Aobo and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Emerson, Hilary and Gohel, Hardik A.},
     booktitle = {50th WM Symposia, Phoenix, Arizona, USA},
     year = {2024},
     type = {conference}
   }

2023

1. ICDSNE

   

   Meat Freshness State Prediction Using a Novel Fifteen Layered Deep Convolutional Neural Network

   M. Shyamala Devi, J. Arun Pandian, D. Umanandhini, and 2 more authors

   Jul 2023

   Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{shyamaladevi2023meat,
     title = {Meat Freshness State Prediction Using a Novel Fifteen Layered Deep Convolutional Neural Network},
     author = {{Shyamala Devi}, M. and {Arun Pandian}, J. and Umanandhini, D. and Sakineti, Aayush Kumar and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja},
     booktitle = {1st International Conference on Data Science and Network Engineering (ICDSNE), India},
     pages = {111--123},
     year = {2023},
     month = jul,
     publisher = {Springer},
     type = {conference}
   }

2021

1. AusDM

   

   Nonnegative Matrix Factorization to Understand Spatio-Temporal Traffic Pattern Variations during COVID-19: A Case Study

   Anandkumar Balasubramaniam, Thirunavukarasu Balasubramaniam, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, and 2 more authors

   2021

   Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{balasubramaniam2021nmf,
     title = {Nonnegative Matrix Factorization to Understand Spatio-Temporal Traffic Pattern Variations during COVID-19: A Case Study},
     author = {Balasubramaniam, Anandkumar and Balasubramaniam, Thirunavukarasu and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Paul, Anand and Nayak, Richi},
     booktitle = {19th Australasian Data Science and Machine Learning Conference (AusDM), Melbourne, Australia},
     year = {2021},
     publisher = {Springer},
     type = {conference}
   }

2019

1. ICIS

   

   MapReduce Scheduler to Minimize the Size of Intermediate Data in Shuffle Phase

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Ananthanarayana V. S., and Anand Paul

   Jun 2019

   Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{jeyaraj2019shuffle,
     title = {MapReduce Scheduler to Minimize the Size of Intermediate Data in Shuffle Phase},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and {V. S.}, Ananthanarayana and Paul, Anand},
     booktitle = {18th IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science (ICIS), Beijing, China},
     year = {2019},
     month = jun,
     publisher = {IEEE},
     type = {conference}
   }

2018

1. SERA

   

   Dynamic Performance Aware Reduce Task Scheduling in MapReduce on Virtualized Environment

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj and Ananthanarayana V. S.

   2018

   Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{jeyaraj2018reduce,
     title = {Dynamic Performance Aware Reduce Task Scheduling in MapReduce on Virtualized Environment},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and {V. S.}, Ananthanarayana},
     booktitle = {16th IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management and Applications (SERA), Kunming, China},
     pages = {211--218},
     year = {2018},
     publisher = {IEEE},
     type = {conference}
   }

2. ACM SAC

   

   Multi-Level Per Node Combiner (MLPNC) to Minimize MapReduce Job Latency on Virtualized Environment

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj and Ananthanarayana V. S.

   2018

   DOI Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{jeyaraj2018mlpnc,
     title = {Multi-Level Per Node Combiner (MLPNC) to Minimize MapReduce Job Latency on Virtualized Environment},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and {V. S.}, Ananthanarayana},
     booktitle = {33rd ACM Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC), Pau, France},
     pages = {167--174},
     year = {2018},
     publisher = {ACM},
     doi = {10.1145/3167132.3167149},
     type = {conference}
   }

2011

1. SEISCON

   

   A Combined MI-AVR Approach for Informative Gene Selection

   Ganeshkumar Pugalendhi, Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, and T. Aruldoss Albert Victoire

   2011

   DOI Bib HTML

   @inproceedings{pugalendhi2011miavr,
     title = {A Combined MI-AVR Approach for Informative Gene Selection},
     author = {Pugalendhi, Ganeshkumar and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and {Albert Victoire}, T. Aruldoss},
     booktitle = {IEEE International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Intelligent Systems (SEISCON), Tamil Nadu, India},
     pages = {870--875},
     year = {2011},
     publisher = {IET},
     doi = {10.1049/cp.2011.0489},
     type = {conference}
   }

2. SUNIIST

   

   Workflow Scheduling using Heuristics-based Ant Colony Optimization

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj and Ganeshkumar Pugalendhi

   2011

   Bib PDF

   @inproceedings{jeyaraj2011workflow,
     title = {Workflow Scheduling using Heuristics-based Ant Colony Optimization},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Pugalendhi, Ganeshkumar},
     booktitle = {SUNIIST, Tamil Nadu, India},
     pages = {cse106},
     year = {2011},
     type = {conference}
   }

2025

1. IGI Global

   

   Artificial Intelligence for Cloud-Native Software Engineering

   Pethuru Raj Chelliah, Ramamurthy Venkatesh, N. A. Natraj, and 1 more author

   2025

   Bib HTML

   @book{chelliah2025aicloud,
     title = {Artificial Intelligence for Cloud-Native Software Engineering},
     author = {Chelliah, Pethuru Raj and Venkatesh, Ramamurthy and Natraj, N. A. and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja},
     publisher = {IGI Global Scientific Publishing},
     year = {2025},
     type = {book}
   }

2022

1. CRC Press

   

   Big Data Infrastructure and Analytics for Education 4.0

   Chandra Eswaran and Rathinaraja Jeyaraj

   2022

   DOI Bib HTML

   @incollection{eswaran2022bigdata,
     title = {Big Data Infrastructure and Analytics for Education 4.0},
     author = {Eswaran, Chandra and Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja},
     booktitle = {Big Data Applications in Industry 4.0},
     publisher = {CRC Press/Taylor \& Francis},
     year = {2022},
     doi = {10.1201/9781003175889-6},
     type = {book}
   }

2020

1. CRC Press

   

   Big Data with Hadoop MapReduce: A Classroom Approach

   Rathinaraja Jeyaraj, Ganeshkumar Pugalendhi, and Anand Paul

   2020

   Bib HTML

   @book{jeyaraj2020hadoop,
     title = {Big Data with Hadoop MapReduce: A Classroom Approach},
     author = {Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja and Pugalendhi, Ganeshkumar and Paul, Anand},
     publisher = {Apple Academic Press, CRC Press/Taylor \& Francis},
     year = {2020},
     type = {book}
   }